</table>
== Embedded PEC Via Set Filamentary Current Source ==
ICON: [[File:pec_group_iconhertz_src_icon.png]]
MODULE: [[EM.PicassoTempo]]
FUNCTION: Defines an embedded PEC via object set group Places a filamentary current source at a specified location in the project workspace
TO DEFINE A PEC VIA SETFILAMENTARY CURRENT SOURCE:
# Right-click on the '''Embedded Object SetsFilamentary Current Sources''' item in the navigation tree.# Select Either select '''Insert New PEC Via SetHertzian Short Dipole Source...''' or select '''Insert New Long Wire Current Source...''' to open up the New PEC Vias Set Filamentary Current Source Dialog.# From By default, the drop-down list labeled '''Host Layer''filamentary current source is placed at the origin of coordinates. You can modify the source's center coordinates.# The "Current Distribution Profile" dropdown list provides four options: Hertzian Short Dipole Radiator, select Uniform Long Wire Current, Triangular Long Wire Current and Sinusoidal Long Wire Current. Select the substrate layer desired type. # By default, a vertical Z-directed current is defined. You can change the components of the unit vector along the dipole to embed reorient it along any arbitrary direction. In the case of a long wire current source, it has to be oriented along one of the three principal axes. In other words, only one of uX, uY or uZ components must be one and the new via setother two must be zero. # Change You may also modify the color or texture of current amplitude and phase as well as the via set if desiredfilament length. # Click the <b>'''OK</b> ''' button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
NOTES, SPECIAL CASES OR EXCEPTIONS: A filamentary current source with Hertzian short dipole radiator profile is equivalent to [[#Hertzian_Short_Dipole_Source | Hertzian Short Dipole Source]] in the other computational modules of [[EM.Cube]].
PYTHON COMMAND:
pec_via_group(label,host_layer)PYTHON COMMAND: None
EMBEDDED PEC VIA SET SHORT DIPOLE PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | Locked mesh densityx0| Real Numericreal numeric| cells/effective wavelength project units | 30 0 | Only if "Lock Mesh" enabled |} <table><tr><td> [[Image:MATER MAN20.png|thumb|left|480px|The PEC via set dialog.]] </td></tr></table> == FixedX-Potential PEC == ICON: [[File:pec_group_icon.png]]  MODULE: [[EM.Ferma]] FUNCTION: Defines an equi-potential perfect electric conductor object group with a specified voltage  TO DEFINE A FIXED-POTENTIAL PEC GROUP: # Right-click on the '''Fixed-Potential PEC Objects''' item in the navigation tree.# Select '''Insert New Fixed-Potential PEC...''' to open up the Fixed-Potential PEC dialog.# Besides the color and texture properties, you have to enter a value for the fixed '''Voltage''' in Volts. The default voltage is 0V. # Click the <b>OK</b> button coordinate of the dialog to return to the project workspace.   PYTHON COMMAND: pec_voltage_group(label,voltage)  FIXED-POTENTIAL PEC PARAMETERS{| class="wikitable"source location
|-
! scope="colrow"| Parameter Namey0! scope="col"| Value Typereal numeric! scope="col"| Unitsproject units ! scope="col"| Default Value0 ! scope="col"| NotesY-coordinate of source location
|-
! scope="row" | voltagez0| Real Numericreal numeric| Volts project units
| 0
| Z-coordinate of source location
|-
! scope="row" | amplitude
| real numeric
| Amperes
| 1
| amplitude of filamentary current
|-
! scope="row" | phase
| real numeric
| degrees
| 0
| phase of filamentary current
|-
! scope="row" | length
| real numeric
| project units
| 3
| filament length
|-
! scope="row" | uX
| real numeric
| -
| 0
| X-component of unit direction vector
|-
! scope="row" | Locked mesh densityuY| Real Numericreal numeric| cells/effective wavelength - | 30 0 | Only if Y-component of unit direction vector|-! scope="Lock Meshrow" enabled | uZ| real numeric| - | 1 | Z-component of unit direction vector
|}
<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN22SOURCE_Filament.png|thumb|left|480px|The fixed-potential PEC filamentary current source dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
== Fixed-Temperature PTC Gaussian Beam ==
ICON: [[File:pec_group_icongauss_icon.png]]
MODULE: [[EM.FermaTempo]]
FUNCTION: Defines an iso-thermal perfect thermal conductor object group with a focused Gaussian beam source with specified temperatureincidence angles, polarization, beam focus point and beam radius
TO DEFINE A FIXED-TEMPERATURE PTC GROUPGAUSSIAN BEAM:
# Right-click on the '''Fixed-Temperature PTC ObjectsPlane Waves''' item in the navigation tree.# Select '''Insert New Fixed-Potential PEC/PTCSource...''' to open up the Fixed-Temperature PTC dialogPlane Wave Dialog.# Besides the color and texture propertiesBy default, you have to enter a value for TMz-polarized plane wave source is defined with normal incidence along the fixed negative Z-axis. # You can change the '''Polarization''' type and incident '''Theta''' and '''TemperaturePhi''' angles in degrees Cthe spherical coordinate system. The default voltage is 0°C. # Click the <b>'''OK</b> ''' button of the dialog to return to the project workspace. Â NOTES, SPECIAL CASES OR EXCEPTIONS: Unlike plane waves, a Gaussian beam is a localized field. By default, the dominant fundamental Hermite-Gauss mode H<sub>00</sub> is assumed. You can define a higher-order Hermite-Gauss mode by assigning nonzero values for the modal indices '''p''' and '''q'''. Â {{note|The beam radius has to be at least λ<sub>0</sub>/π; otherwise, strong fields appear outside the excitation box.}}
PYTHON COMMAND: pec_voltage_groupgauss_beam(label,voltagetheta,phi,polarization,focus_x,focus_y,focus_z,radius,p_mode,q_mode)
FIXED-TEMPERATURE PTC GAUSSIAN BEAM PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | temperaturepolarization| Real NumericList: TMz, TEz, Custom Linear| Deg C - | TMz | select one of the linear or circular polarization types |-! scope="row" | theta | real numeric| degrees | 180 | incident elevation angle |-! scope="row" | phi| real numeric| degrees
| 0
| incident azimuth angle
|-
! scope="row" | focus_x
| real numeric
| project units
| 0
| X-coordinate of beam focus point
|-
! scope="row" | focus_y
| real numeric
| project units
| 0
| Y-coordinate of beam focus point
|-
! scope="row" | focus_z
| real numeric
| project units
| 0
| Z-coordinate of beam focus point
|-
! scope="row" | radius
| real numeric
| project units
| 10
| beam waist radius
|-
! scope="row" | p
| integer numeric
| -
| 0
| first index of Hermite-Gauss mode
|-
! scope="row" | Locked mesh densityq| Real Numericinteger numeric| cells/effective wavelength - | 30 0 | Only if "Lock Mesh" enabled second index of Hermite-Gauss mode
|}
<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN22GaussBeam.png|thumb|left|480px|The fixed-temperature PTC Gaussian beam source dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
</table>
== Impedance Surface Huygens Source ==
ICON: [[File:voxel_group_iconhuyg_src_icon.png]]
MODULE: [[EM.Tempo]], [[EM.Terrano]], [[EM.Illumina]], [[EM.Picasso]], [[EM.Libera]]
FUNCTION: Defines an impedance equivalent Huygens source based on a specified Huygens surface object group data file
TO DEFINE AN IMPEDANCE SURFACE GROUPA HUYGENS SOURCE:
# Right-click on the '''Impedance SurfacesHuygens Sources''' item in the navigation tree.# Select '''Insert Import New Impedance SurfaceSource...''' to open up the impedance Surface dialogWindow's Open Dialog. The file extension is automatically set to ".HUY".# Besides the color and texture properties, you have Browse your folders to enter values for find the real desired Huygens surface data file. Select it and imaginary parts of click the '''Surface ImpedanceOpen'''. The default values are 0 + j0 Ω, representing a PEC surface. # Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to . # A Huygens source box appears in the project workspace. You can open the property dialog of the Huygens source and change its location and orientation.
NOTES, SPECIAL CASES OR EXCEPTIONS: An impedance surface is a surface on which the tangential electric and magnetic fields are governed by the surface impedance boundary condition (SIBC):
PYTHON COMMAND:<math> \mathbf{\hat{n}} \times \mathbf{\hat{n}} \times \mathbf{E} = -Z_s \mathbf{J_s} = -Z_s \mathbf{\hat{n}} \times \mathbf{H} </math>huygens_src(label,filename,[set_lcs,x0,y0,z0,x_rot,y_rot,z_rot])
where <math>Z_s</math> is the surface impedance in Ohms and <math>\mathbf{\hat{n}}</math> is the unit outward normal on the given surface.
 PYTHON COMMAND: impedance_surface_group(label,z_real,z_imag)  IMPEDANCE SURFACE HUYGENS SOURCE PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | resistancex0| Real Numericreal numeric| Ohm project units | 0.0 - | real part X-coordinate of centroid of surface impedancethe Huygens source box
|-
! scope="row" | reactancey0| Real Numericreal numeric| Ohm project units | 0.0 - | imaginary part Y-coordinate of surface impedance centroid of the Huygens source box
|-
! scope="row" | Locked mesh densityz0| Real Numericreal numeric| cells/effective wavelength project units | 30 | Only if "Lock Mesh" enabled |} <table><tr><td> [[Image:MATER MAN17.png|thumb|left|720px|The impedance surface dialog.]] </td></tr></table> == Impenetrable Surface == ICON: [[File:impenet_group_icon.png]]  MODULE: [[EM.Terrano]] FUNCTION: Defines an impenetrable surface block group  TO DEFINE AN IMPENETRABLE SURFACE GROUP: # Right-click on the '''Impenetrable Surfaces''' item in the navigation tree.# Select '''Insert New Block...''' to open up the Impenetrable Surface dialog.# In the material table, the default setting shows '''Brick''' with a relative permittivity of ε<sub>r</sub> = 4.44 and an electric conductivity of σ = 0.001S/m. # You can change the default material composition by selecting and highlighting it in the table and clicking the {{key|Add/Edit}} button of the dialog.# In the Material Layer Properties dialog, either enter new values for ε<sub>r</sub> and σ or click the {{key|Material}} button of this dialog to open [[EM.Cube]]'s Materials List and select one of its entries.# You can add several layers to your impenetrable surface composition. In that case, you need to define a thickness for each layer. The bottommost layer always has an infinite thickness representing an unbounded halfZ-space medium as seen by an incident ray.# After you complete the definition coordinate of all layers, click the <b>OK</b> button centroid of the dialog to return to the project workspace.   PYTHON COMMAND: impenetrable_surface_group(label,epsilon,sigma[,rr,gg,bb])  IMPENETRABLE SURFACE PARAMETERS{| class="wikitable"Huygens source box
|-
! scope="colrow"| Parameter Namerot_x! scope="col"| Value Typereal numeric! scope="col"| Unitsdegrees ! scope="col"| Default Value0 ! scope="col"| Notesrotation angle of the Huygens source box about the local X-axis
|-
! scope="row" | epsilonrot_y| Real Numericreal numeric| -degrees | 4.440 | relative permittivityrotation angle of the Huygens source box about the local Y-axis
|-
! scope="row" | sigmarot_z| Real Numericreal numeric| S/m degrees | 1e-3 | electric conductivity0 |rotation angle of the Huygens source box about the local Z-! scope="row" | Locked mesh density| Real Numeric| cells/effective wavelength | 30 | Only if "Lock Mesh" enabled axis
|}
<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN23SOURCE MAN11.png|thumb|left|480px|The impenetrable surface Huygens source dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
<td>
[[Image:SOURCE MAN1.png|thumb|left|480px|The lumped source dialog.]]
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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== Microstrip Port ==
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ICON: [[File:mstrip_icon.png]]
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MODULE: [[EM.Tempo]]
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FUNCTION: Places a special distributed source of a specified height underneath one of the edges of a PEC rectangle strip object that is parallel to one of the three principal planes
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TO DEFINE A MICROSTRIP PORT:
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# Right-click on the '''Microstrip Ports''' item in the navigation tree of [[EM.Tempo]].
# Select '''Insert New Source...''' to open up the Microstrip Port Dialog.
# From the '''Host''' drop-down list, select a rectangle strip object. Note that only PEC rectangle strip objects parallel to one of the three principal planes are listed.
# You have to specify the height of the microstrip port, which is the same as the height of the microstrip's substrate.
# A microstrip port can be placed at one of the four edges of the host rectangle strip. You can select the desired location from the '''Edge''' drop-down list.
# Click the '''OK''' button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
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PYTHON COMMAND: microstrip_src(label,rect_object,height,edge[,magnitude,phase,resistance])
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MICROSTRIP PORT PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Parameter Name
! scope="col"| Value Type
! scope="col"| Units
! scope="col"| Default Value
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | height
| real numeric
| project units
| 1.5
| microstrip's substrate height
|-
! scope="row" | resistance
| real numeric
| Ohms
| 50
| internal impedance of the distributed voltage source
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td>
[[Image:SOURCE MAN3.png|thumb|left|480px|The microstrip port source dialog.]]
</td>
</tr>
</table>
== Point Radiator Set Plane Wave ==
ICON: [[File:base_group_iconplane_wave_icon.png]]
MODULE: [[EM.TerranoTempo]], [[EM.Illumina]], [[EM.Picasso]], [[EM.Libera]]
FUNCTION: Defines a base location set group to be associated plane wave source with a transmitter or receiver set specified incidence angles and polarization
TO DEFINE A BASE LOCATION SET GROUPPLANE WAVE:
# Right-click on the '''Base LocataionsPlane Waves''' item in the navigation tree.# Select '''Insert New Point SetSource...''' to open up the base Location Set dialog.# The only property of a base location set is its color, which you can change from this dialog. # Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspacePlane Wave Dialog. # By default, the transmitter set is assumed to be made up of vertical halfa TMz-polarized plane wave radiators. # You may also force source is defined with normal incidence along the transmitters to adjust their negative Z-coordinates based on the underlying terrain surfaceaxis. # Click You can change the '''OKPolarization''' button of the dialog to return to the project workspace. The new round symbols appear representing the transmitter set. # You can open the property dialog of the transmitter set type and change the radiator type to incident '''User Defined AntennaTheta'''. In that case, click the and '''Import PatternPhi''' button of angles in the dialog to set the file path for a far-field radiation pattern data file of ".RAD" type. You can also additionally rotate the imported radiation pattern about its local X-, Y- and Z-axesspherical coordinate system.# An imported radiation pattern file typically contains a total radiated power parameter at its file header. By default, this value is overridden and Click the '''Custom PowerOK''' check box is checked. A default total power button of 1W is assigned the dialog to each transmitter, which you can change return to any arbitrary value. Or you may uncheck '''Custom Power''' to use the imported value of the total radiated powerproject workspace.
NOTES, SPECIAL CASES OR EXCEPTIONS: In the case of a free-space background medium, the incident electric and magnetic fields of the plane wave source are given by:
PYTHON COMMAND radiator_custom_group:<math> \mathbf{E^{inc}(label,pattern_file,rot_x,rot_y,rot_z,rr,gg,bbr)} = E_0 \mathbf{\hat{e}} e^{ -jk_0 \mathbf{\hat{k}\cdot r} } </math>
:<math> \mathbf{H^{inc}(r)} = \mathbf{\hat{k} \times \hat{e}} \frac{E_0}{\eta_0} e^{-jk_0 \mathbf{\hat{k} \cdot r} } </math>
POINT RADIATOR SET PARAMETERS:where <math>\eta_0 = 120\pi</math> is the characteristic impedance of the free space, <math>\mathbf{\hat{k}}</math> is the unit propagation vector of the incident plane wave, and <math>\mathbf{\hat{e}}</math> is the polarization vector corresponding to the electric field of that wave.
In [[EM.Picasso]], your plane wave source is placed above a multilayer substrate structure. In that case, the incident plane wave bounces off the layered background structure and part of it also penetrates the substrate layers. The total incident field that is used to calculate the excitation vector is a superposition of the incident, reflected and transmitted plane waves at various regions of your planar structure:
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:<math> \mathbf{E^{inc}(r)} = E_0 (\mathbf{\hat{e}_1} e^{ -jk_0 \mathbf{\hat{k}_1\cdot r} } + R \mathbf{\hat{e}_2} e^{ -jk_0 \mathbf{\hat{k}_2\cdot r} } ) </math>
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:<math> \mathbf{H^{inc}(r)} = \frac{E_0}{\eta_0} ( \mathbf{\hat{k}_1 \times \hat{e}_1} e^{-jk_0 \mathbf{\hat{k}_1 \cdot r} } + R \mathbf{\hat{k}_2 \times \hat{e}_2} e^{-jk_0 \mathbf{\hat{k}_2\cdot r} } ) </math>
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where <math>\mathbf{\hat{k}_1}</math> and <math>\mathbf{\hat{k}_2}</math> are the unit propagation vectors of the incident plane wave and the wave reflected off the topmost substrate layer, respectively, and <math>\mathbf{\hat{e}_1}</math> and <math>\mathbf{\hat{e}_2}</math> are the polarization vectors corresponding to the electric field of those waves. R is the reflection coefficient at the interface between the top half-space and the topmost substrate layer and has different values for the TM and TE polarizations.
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PYTHON COMMAND: planewave(label,theta,phi,polarization)
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PLANE WAVE PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | radiator typepolarization| optionsList: vertical half-wave dipoleTMz, user define antenna| - | vertical half-wave dipole TEz, LCPz, RCPz, Custom Linear
| -
| TMz
| select one of the linear or circular polarization types
|-
! scope="row" | pattern file| file path| - | Models\DPL_STD.RAD | imported far-field radiation pattern data file with a ".RAD" file extension for the case of user defined antenna |-! scope="row" | rot_xtheta
| real numeric
| degrees
| 0 180 | additional rotation incident elevation angle of the imported radiation pattern about the local X-axis
|-
! scope="row" | rot_y| real numeric| degrees | 0 | additional rotation angle of the imported radiation pattern about the local Y-axis|-! scope="row" | rot_zphi
| real numeric
| degrees
| 0
| additional rotation incident azimuth angle of the imported radiation pattern about the local Z-axis
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN27Tempo L2 Fig4.png|thumb|left|480px|The base location set plane wave source dialog.]] </td></tr></table> == Point Scatterer Set == ICON: [[File:scatterer_group_icon.png]]  MODULE: [[EM.Terrano]] FUNCTION: Defines a point scatterer set group to be used as one or more targets in a radar simulation  TO DEFINE A POINT SCATTERER SET GROUP: # Right-click on the '''Point Scatterers''' item in the navigation tree.# Select '''Insert New Scatterer Set...''' to open up the Point Scatterer Set dialog.# You can change the color of the scatterer set from this dialog. # In the section titled "Polarimetric Scattering Matrix Data File", use the {{key|Import...}} button to browse the folder on your computer. Clicking the {{key|Import...}} button opens the Windows Explorer window. Select a file with a ".DAT" file extension, whose name ends in '''polar_scat'''. # Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.   PYTHON COMMAND: scatterer_group(label,polar_scat_file[,rr,gg,bb])  POINT SCATTERER SET PARAMETERS: {| class="wikitable"|-! scope="col"| Parameter Name! scope="col"| Value Type! scope="col"| Units! scope="col"| Default Value! scope="col"| Notes|-! scope="row" | scattering matrix file| file path| - | Models\POLAR_SCAT.DAT | imported polarimetric scattering matrix data file with a ".DAT" file extension and a name ending in "polar_scat" |} <table><tr><td> [[Image:MATER MAN27A.png|thumb|left|480px|The point scatterer set dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
[[Image:Lumped Ser_RL.png|thumb|left|480px|The lumped device dialog with the series RL device type selected.]]
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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== Slot Trace ==
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ICON: [[File:pmc_group_icon.png]]
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MODULE: [[EM.Picasso]]
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FUNCTION: Defines a slot trace object group on an infinite PEC ground plane
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TO DEFINE A SLOT TRACE GROUP:
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# Right-click on the '''Slot Traces''' item in the navigation tree.
# Select '''Insert New Slot Trace...''' to open up the New Slot Trace dialog.
# The only properties of a slot trace group you can modify is its color and texture.
# Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
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PYTHON COMMAND: slot_group(label)
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SLOT TRACE PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Parameter Name
! scope="col"| Value Type
! scope="col"| Units
! scope="col"| Default Value
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | Locked mesh density
| Real Numeric
| cells/effective wavelength
| 30
| Only if "Lock Mesh" enabled
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN18.png|thumb|left|480px|The slot trace dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
[[Image:SOURCE MAN8.png|thumb|left|480px|The strip gap circuit source dialog.]]
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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== Thin Wire ==
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ICON: [[File:thin_group_icon.png]]
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MODULE: [[EM.Tempo]], [[EM.Libera]]
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FUNCTION: Defines a thin wire object group with a specified wire radius
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TO DEFINE A THIN WIRE GROUP:
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# Right-click on the '''Thin Wires''' item in the navigation tree.
# Select '''Insert New Thin Wire...''' to open up the Thin Wire dialog.
# Enter a value for the '''Wire Radius'''.
# Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
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PYTHON COMMAND: thinwire_group(label,radius)
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THIN WIRE PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Parameter Name
! scope="col"| Value Type
! scope="col"| Units
! scope="col"| Default Value
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | Wire radius
| Real Numeric
| project units
| 0.3
| -
|-
! scope="row" | Locked mesh density
| Real Numeric
| cells/effective wavelength
| 50
| "Lock Mesh" enabled by default
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN2.png|thumb|left|480px|The thin wire dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
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== Volume Charge ==
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ICON: [[File:aniso_group_icon.png]]
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MODULE: [[EM.Ferma]]
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FUNCTION: Defines a volume charge source group with a specified charge density
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TO DEFINE A VOLUME CHARGE GROUP:
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# Right-click on the '''Volume Charges''' item in the navigation tree.
# Select '''Insert New Volume Charge...''' to open up the Volume Charge Source dialog.
# You have two options to choose from: '''Uniform''' and '''Inhomogeneous'''.
# If you choose the uniform option, you have to enter a numeric value for '''Charge Density''' in C/m^3.
# If you choose the inhomogeneous option, you have to enter an expression for '''Charge Density''' in the global (x,y,z) coordinates.
# Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
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PYTHON COMMAND: charge_group(label,density)
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VOLUME CHARGE PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Parameter Name
! scope="col"| Value Type
! scope="col"| Units
! scope="col"| Default Value
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | density
| Real Numeric
| C/m^3
| -1e-5
| volume charge density with a positive or negative sign
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN13.png|thumb|left|480px|The volume charge source dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
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== Volume Current ==
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ICON: [[File:voxel_group_icon.png]]
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MODULE: [[EM.Ferma]]
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FUNCTION: Defines a volume current source group with a specified current density vector
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TO DEFINE A VOLUME CURRENT GROUP:
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# Right-click on the '''Volume Currents''' item in the navigation tree.
# Select '''Insert New Volume Current...''' to open up the Volume Current Source dialog.
# You have two options to choose from: '''Uniform''' and '''Inhomogeneous'''.
# If you choose the uniform option, you have to enter three numeric values for the three components of volume current density '''Jx''', '''Jy''' and '''Jz''' in A/m^2.
# If you choose the inhomogeneous option, you have to enter three expressions for the three components of volume current density '''Jx''', '''Jy''' and '''Jz''' in the global (x,y,z) coordinates.
# Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
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PYTHON COMMAND: volume_current_group(label,Jx,Jy,Jz)
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VOLUME CURRENT PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Parameter Name
! scope="col"| Value Type
! scope="col"| Units
! scope="col"| Default Value
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | Jx
| Real Numeric
| A/m^2
| 0.0
| X-component of volume current density vector
|-
! scope="row" | Jy
| Real Numeric
| A/m^2
| 0.0
| Y-component of volume current density vector
|-
! scope="row" | Jz
| Real Numeric
| A/m^2
| 1.0
| Z-component of volume current density vector
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN14.png|thumb|left|480px|The volume current source dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
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== Volume Heat Source ==
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ICON: [[File:aniso_group_icon.png]]
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MODULE: [[EM.Ferma]]
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FUNCTION: Defines a volume heat source group with a specified heat density
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TO DEFINE A VOLUME HEAT SOURCE GROUP:
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# Right-click on the '''Volume Heat Sources''' item in the navigation tree.
# Select '''Insert New Volume Heat Source...''' to open up the Volume Heat Source dialog.
# You have two options to choose from: '''Uniform''' and '''Inhomogeneous'''.
# If you choose the uniform option, you have to enter a numeric value for '''Heat Density''' in W/m^3.
# If you choose the inhomogeneous option, you have to enter an expression for '''Heat Density''' in the global (x,y,z) coordinates.
# Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
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PYTHON COMMAND: charge_group(label,density)
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VOLUME HEAT SOURCE PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Parameter Name
! scope="col"| Value Type
! scope="col"| Units
! scope="col"| Default Value
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | density
| Real Numeric
| W/m^3
| -1e-5
| volume heat density with a positive or negative sign
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN13.png|thumb|left|480px|The volume heat source dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>
[[Image:SOURCE MAN6.png|thumb|left|480px|The waveguide port source dialog.]]
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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== Wire Current ==
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ICON: [[File:thin_group_icon.png]]
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MODULE: [[EM.Ferma]]
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FUNCTION: Defines a wire current source group with a specified current and wire radius
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TO DEFINE A WIRE CURRENT GROUP:
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# Right-click on the '''Wire Current''' item in the navigation tree.
# Select '''Insert New Wire Current...''' to open up the Wire Current dialog.
# Enter a value for the total '''Current''' flowing in the wire in Amperes as well as a value for '''Wire Radius''' in the project units.
# You may assume that the wire current consists of multiple turns or multiple bundled wires. The default number of turns is 1, but you can change it.
# The current flowing in the wire is directional. You may need to check the box labeled '''Reverse Current''' if you prefer the opposite direction.
# Click the <b>OK</b> button of the dialog to return to the project workspace.
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NOTES, SPECIAL CASES OR EXCEPTIONS: [[EM.Ferma]] allows you to define idealized wire current sources. You can use this source type to model filament currents or coils. Wire currents are defined using only line and polyline objects. You also need to define a current value I in Amperes and a wire radius r in the project units. The line or polyline object is then approximated as a volume current with a current density of J = I/(πr<sup>2</sup>) flowing along the line or polyline side's direction.
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{{Note| If you draw curve CAD objects under a wire current group, they will be permanently converted to polyline objects before running the simulation engine.}}
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PYTHON COMMAND: wire_current_group(label,current,wire_radius)
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WIRE CURRENT PARAMETERS
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Parameter Name
! scope="col"| Value Type
! scope="col"| Units
! scope="col"| Default Value
! scope="col"| Notes
|-
! scope="row" | current
| Real Numeric
| A
| 1.0
| total current flowing through the wire
|-
! scope="row" | wire_radius
| Real Numeric
| project units
| 0.5
| -
|-
! scope="row" | wire_count
| Integer Numeric
| -
| 1
| number of collocated wires or loop turns
|}
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<table>
<tr>
<td> [[Image:MATER MAN16.png|thumb|left|480px|The wire current source dialog.]] </td>
</tr>
</table>