<math> E_\theta(\theta,\phi) \approx j\eta_0 I_0 \frac{e^{-jk_0 r}}{2\pi r} \left[ \frac{\text{cos} \left( \frac{k_0 L}{2} \text{cos} \theta \right) - \text{cos} \left( \frac{k_0 L}{2} \right) }{\text{sin}\theta} \right] </math>
<math> E_\phi(\theta,\phi) \approx 0 </math>
where k<sub>0</sub> = 2π/λ<sub>0</sub> is the free-space wavenumber, λ<sub>0</sub> is the free-space wavelength, I<sub>0</sub> is the current on the dipole, and L is the length of the dipole.
=== A Note on the Rotation of Antenna Radiation Patterns ===